Different Types Of Book Editing

Gary Smailes | 1 November 2025

Understanding the Editing Spectrum

Editing works best as a sequence. Big questions first. Sentences next. Then rules and consistency. Final typos on designed pages. Skip ahead and you pay twice.

Here is the shape of the work.

• Developmental editing tackles structure and argument. Does the story hold together. Does the thesis build. Are chapters in a logical order. Are motivations clear. Expect an editorial letter with priorities and examples, plus an annotated manuscript.
• Line editing focuses on prose. Rhythm, voice, word choice, transitions, paragraph flow, dialogue, tone. Expect tracked changes with margin queries that explain decisions and invite discussion.
• Copyediting checks correctness and consistency. Grammar, punctuation, spelling, usage, continuity, numbers, formatting. Expect heavy use of tracked changes and a style sheet that records decisions for names, terms, hyphenation, capitalization, numbers, and more.
• Proofreading is quality control on designed pages. Typos, spacing errors, bad line breaks, widows, orphans, caption glitches, page numbers. Expect PDF markups or proof marks on galleys.

Each stage has a purpose. Respect the order and the work goes faster, cheaper, and with less pain.

Pick rules early and stick with them

Choose a style guide before copyediting begins. Chicago Manual of Style with US spelling, or New Oxford Style Manual with UK spelling. Record the choice at the top of the manuscript or in a briefing note. Add preferences for serial commas, number treatment, and capitalization. Early choices prevent reversals later.

A style sheet grows from those choices. Think of it as the book’s dictionary and rulebook. Names, places, invented terms, italicization, hyphenation, numerals. Your copyeditor builds and maintains this document. Share it with everyone on the team, including the designer and proofreader.

Fix structure before polishing prose

No amount of elegant sentences will rescue a broken structure. Solve plot holes and argument gaps first. Move chapters, merge sections, cut dead weight, write missing scenes. Only then invite someone to refine voice and rhythm.

A quick test helps. Summarize the book in one sentence. If that sentence keeps changing, stay in developmental mode. Another test. Create a scene or chapter map with one line per unit. If the map shows repetition or sag, address those areas before line work.

Keep the voice, raise the clarity

Good editing preserves personality. A sharp editor improves clarity, pacing, coherence, and reader engagement without sanding off voice. Expect questions in the margins. Who needs to know this now. What promise does this chapter make. Where does the energy drop. Those queries are not nitpicks. Those queries protect the reader’s experience while respecting your sound on the page.

Two quick examples.

• A thriller draft races through action, then pauses for six pages of backstory. Developmental edit moves the backstory into short beats across earlier chapters. Pace rises and character still deepens. Voice remains intact.
• A leadership book uses three terms for the same concept. Copyedit picks one term, records the choice on the style sheet, and standardizes usage. The argument reads cleaner. Authorial tone remains the same.

Deliverables to expect and how to use them

• Editorial letter. A separate document from the edit, with diagnosis, priorities, and a plan. Read once, then step away. Read again and mark the actions you agree with today.
• Tracked changes. Every tweak visible. Use Accept and Reject with intention. If a suggestion feels off, add a comment and explain why.
• Margin queries. Questions and short notes beside the text. Answer inside the comments thread to keep context.
• Style sheet. A living reference. Keep it open while revising. Share with proofreader and designer before layout.

Stay in sequence to save time and budget

Avoid copyediting or proofreading while the manuscript keeps changing. Every structural fix creates ripple effects. New scenes bring new continuity problems. Rearranged chapters scramble references and cross-links. Lock structure, then refine sentences, then enforce rules, then check designed pages for small errors.

One last sanity check before each handoff.

• Stable structure before line editing.
• Stable prose before copyediting.
• Stable pages before proofreading.

Editing done in order feels almost calm. You know what each pass will solve, what each document will deliver, and how every step serves the reader without drowning your voice.

Core Types of Book Editing

Four edits, four goals. Know which hat your editor wears before you hit Send.

Developmental editing

Purpose: build or repair the spine of the book. Structure, argument, plot, character arcs, pacing, theme, chapter order. This stage asks big questions and gives you a roadmap.

What you receive

• Editorial letter with diagnosis, priorities, and a plan.
• Annotated manuscript with comments at key scenes or sections.

What it solves

• Fiction: a flat midpoint, a villain with fuzzy motives, a protagonist who has no agency, scenes that repeat the same beat.
• Nonfiction: chapters out of order, claims with no support, digressions that fog the thesis, a weak throughline.

Quick exercise

• Write a one-sentence summary of the whole book. If that sentence shifts every time you tweak a chapter, stay here.
• Build a scene or section list. One line per unit. Mark where tension dips or ideas loop. Fix those gaps before anything else.

What it does not do

• Polishing sentences. Large moves follow, so sentence work would vanish.

Line editing

Purpose: raise prose to its best expression. Voice, rhythm, word choice, imagery, transitions, paragraph logic, tone. This is where pages begin to sing without losing your sound.

What you receive

• Tracked changes on the file.
• Margin comments that explain intent and invite decisions.

What it solves

• Wordy or flat lines, abrupt transitions, repetitive phrases, dialogue with no subtext, tonal whiplash between chapters.

Tiny example

• Before: She began to walk slowly across the room, feeling like her heart was going to burst.
• After: She crossed the room. Her heart hammered.

Another example

• Before: In this chapter we will talk a little about feedback and why it is important.
• After: This chapter explores feedback and why it matters.

Quick exercise

• Read a page aloud. Mark any spot where you stumble or feel bored. Those lines want attention at the line level.

What it does not do

• Fact-checking or strict rule enforcement. That belongs to copyediting.

Copyediting

Purpose: correctness and consistency. Grammar, punctuation, spelling, usage, continuity, and adherence to style. Think of this pass as guardrails for the reader’s brain.

What you receive

• Tracked changes that fix errors and smooth usage.
• A style sheet aligned with Chicago Manual of Style or house rules.

What it solves

• Comma splices, stray capitals, hyphenation choices, number treatment, inconsistent terms, timeline slips, character name variants, geography errors.

Style sheet highlights

• Spelling and hyphenation choices, for example decision on email vs e-mail.
• Capitalization rules for terms and headings.
• Numbers, dates, and time treatment.
• Character, place, and brand spellings.
• Terms used for key concepts, so one phrase appears across the book.

Quick example

• Early chapter says “fourteen” and later says “14.” Copyedit chooses one system and applies it throughout.
• A coach, a mentor, and a guide all refer to the same role. Copyedit picks one label, records it on the style sheet, and standardizes use.

What it does not do

• Design changes or heavy rewrites. Those arrive earlier or later in the process.

Proofreading

Purpose: final quality check on designed pages after typesetting. Words sit in their boxes now, so you review pages, not a Word file.

What you receive

• Marked-up PDFs or hard-copy galleys with standard proof marks.
• A short list of recurring layout issues for the designer.

What it solves

• Typos, missing words, bad line breaks, rivers, widows and orphans, wrong page numbers, crooked captions, mislabelled figures, spacing glitches.

How to read proofs

• View at 100 percent or print at full size.
• Compare table of contents to headings on pages.
• Check running heads, folios, and chapter openers.
• Flag stacks of hyphenated words, bad breaks in names, and lone words at the top of pages.

What it does not do

• Structural fixes or major prose edits. Text is frozen at this stage.

Pick the right pass for the problem in front of you. The work moves faster, your budget goes further, and your voice stays yours.

Specialized and Adjacent Services

These services sit beside the core edits. They save money, sharpen intent, and reduce surprises later. Pick the one that matches the stage you are in.

Manuscript assessment, critique

Purpose: a fast diagnosis before deep edits. You get a clear read on strengths, risks, and next steps.

What you receive

• An editorial letter with big-picture notes and priorities.
• High-level margin queries on a few sample chapters, sometimes the whole file.
• A plan for revision, in order of impact.

When to choose it

• You finished a draft and feel lost.
• You want to know if the concept holds.
• Budget or timeline limits rule out a full developmental edit.

What it looks at

• Structure, argument or plot, voice fit for genre, target reader, market position.

Quick exercise

• Write a 150-word pitch and a one-page chapter map. If the pitch and the map fight each other, start with an assessment.

What it does not include

• Detailed line work or rule-level fixes.

Book coaching

Purpose: ongoing support during drafting. Guidance, accountability, and skill building in real time.

What you receive

• Regular check-ins, often weekly or biweekly.
• Page goals and feedback on fresh work.
• Tools for planning scenes or sections, and a path through roadblocks.

When to choose it

• Starting a new project and want momentum.
• Past drafts stalled or spiraled.
• You want to prevent a massive rewrite later.

A week in practice

• Monday, goal set and outline tweak.
• Wednesday, 10 pages due.
• Friday, feedback call and next steps.

What it does not include

• Full-scope developmental or copyediting on the whole manuscript.

Sensitivity and authenticity reading

Purpose: review representation and cultural content for accuracy and respect. The reader brings lived experience or deep expertise.

What you receive

• A memo with flagged passages, context, and suggestions.
• Line comments on tone, terminology, and framing.
• A short call to discuss intent and fixes.

When to choose it

• Your book includes identities, cultures, or histories outside your experience.
• You write across difference and want to avoid harm.

Good practice

• Share scope and specific concerns up front.
• Credit the reader in acknowledgments if they agree.
• Pay fairly, on time, and follow the agreed brief.

What it does not include

• Broad structural editing or full legal review.

Fact-checking and permissions, nonfiction

Purpose: protect trust and reduce risk. Quotes, data, names, dates, sources, and rights.

What you receive

• A research log with sources for each claim.
• Corrections or notes where support is missing.
• A permissions tracker for images, lyrics, epigraphs, and long quotes.
• Ready-to-send requests with rights holders.

Typical checks

• Statistics traced to primary sources.
• Quotes verified against transcripts or books.
• Place names, titles, and spellings confirmed.
• Captions matched to images and credits.

When to start

• After line edit, before layout.

What it does not include

• Full legal counsel. High-risk content needs an attorney.

Technical and academic editing

Purpose: precision and standards. Terminology, tables, equations, figures, and citations that meet the target style.

What you receive

• Edits for clarity and accuracy in methods and results.
• Figure and table checks, numbering, and cross-references.
• Citation and reference checks to APA, MLA, Chicago, or journal style.
• A style sheet for terms, symbols, units, and abbreviations.

Sample fixes

• Consistent variable names between text and equations.
• Units formatted to SI rules.
• Tables with clear headings and footnotes.
• References matched to in-text citations, no orphans.

When to choose it

• Scholarly books, technical manuals, textbooks, and reports.

What it does not include

• Original research or peer review.

Indexing, nonfiction

Purpose: a usable back-of-book index that serves readers and librarians. Built from final pages, not from a draft.

What you receive

• A professional index with main entries, subentries, and cross-references.
• Balanced coverage that reflects the book’s focus.
• A file in the format your designer needs.

How a good index reads

• Clear entry terms in reader language, not author shorthand.
• Cross-references that lead from synonyms to the main term.
• Page ranges that point to substance, not passing mentions.

When to schedule

• After layout and proofreading, from the final PDF.

What it does not include

• Auto-generated word dumps. Those miss nuance.

A quick way to choose

• Need diagnosis, pick an assessment.
• Need support while writing, pick coaching.
• Writing across difference, hire a sensitivity reader.
• Working in nonfiction with claims or images, schedule fact-checking and permissions.
• Writing for scholars or specialists, book a technical or academic editor.
• Publishing nonfiction, budget for an index.

How the Editorial Process Flows

Editing works best in order. Big picture first. Sentences next. Mechanics after that. Typos last. Skip a step and you pay for it later.

The sequence, at a glance

1. Manuscript assessment, optional

   A quick diagnosis. You get an editorial letter with strengths, risks, and priorities. No fine-tooth edits.

2. Developmental edit

   Structure, argument, plot, pacing, chapter order. Expect an editorial letter plus an annotated file. You revise before anything else moves.

3. Author revision

   You rewrite with a plan. Lock structure. Stabilize point of view and tense. Trim scenes or sections that do not serve the spine.

4. Line edit

   Voice, rhythm, word choice, paragraph logic, transitions. Tracked changes with comments that explain reasoning.

5. Copyedit

   Grammar, punctuation, usage, continuity, consistency. A style sheet guides decisions. You approve queries, then freeze wording.

6. Typesetting and layout

   Your clean text goes into design. Fonts, margins, headings, images. No rewriting here, only necessary tweaks.

7. Proofreading

   A final check on designed pages. Typos, bad line breaks, widows and orphans, captions, folios, glitches. Fixes go back to design, then files ship.

How many passes and how much time

Plan one or two passes per stage. Build a buffer between stages for your revision. Rushing invites new errors.

A simple model for an 80,000-word novel

• Assessment, 1 to 2 weeks. Author reads letter, 1 week.
• Developmental edit, 3 to 5 weeks. Author revision, 3 to 6 weeks.
• Line edit, 2 to 4 weeks. Author review, 1 to 2 weeks.
• Copyedit, 2 to 3 weeks. Author review, 1 week.
• Layout, 1 to 2 weeks.
• Proofreading, 1 to 2 weeks. Proof fix round, a few days.

Shorter books move faster. Heavy research or complex structure slows the pace. Book in advance, since good editors schedule months out.

Tools that keep work clean

• Word with Track Changes for all prose editing. Tracked changes show every deletion and insertion. Comments hold queries and notes.
• Style sheet from copyedit onward. Record spelling choices, hyphenation, numbers, acronyms, character names, timeline facts, and book-specific terms.
• For proofreading, work on PDFs. Use standard proof marks or sticky notes with exact page and line references.
• Avoid heavy edits in Google Docs. Version control goes soft, and pagination shifts. If a collaborator insists, export to Word for line and copy work.

Mini tip

Before you review edits, change Word view to Simple Markup. Read for flow. Then toggle All Markup for decision mode.

Version control that saves headaches

Name files with version, date, and initials. Keep an Archive folder and a Current folder.

Examples

• RiversEnd_MS_v01_2025-01-12_AB.docx
• RiversEnd_DevEdit_Return_v02_2025-02-02_JD.docx
• RiversEnd_AuthorRev_v03_2025-02-28_AB.docx
• RiversEnd_Copyedit_v04_2025-03-20_JD.docx
• RiversEnd_Interior_Proof_v01_2025-04-15.pdf

Rules to live by

• One master at a time. No parallel editing.
• Save As for each round. Never overwrite previous versions.
• Record decisions on the style sheet, not in memory.

Hand-offs and communication

Set a kickoff call at each major stage. Agree on scope, priorities, and dates. Decide how queries will be handled, in comments or in a separate memo.

When you return a revision, include a short note

• What you changed.
• What you declined, with reasons.
• Any open questions for the next pass.

During proofreading, report errors with precise references

• Page number, line reference, current wording, requested change.

Clarity keeps momentum high and tempers cool.

For self-publishing and indie authors

Editing lives inside a larger production plan. Link your edits to design and launch dates.

A lean timeline for an early-summer release

• Jan: Assessment or developmental booking. Lock editor and cover designer.
• Feb to Mar: Developmental edit, then revision.
• Apr: Line edit, then copyedit.
• Early May: Layout starts. Order ISBNs. Finalize cover. Write product descriptions and metadata.
• Mid May: Proofreading on designed pages. Approve fixes.
• Late May: Upload final files to printer and ebook platforms. Order print proofs.
• Early Jun: Advance copies to early reviewers. Schedule promotions.
• Mid Jun: Launch week.

Build slack into every month. Printers slip. Life intrudes. A small cushion protects quality.

Common bottlenecks and how to avoid them

• Rewriting during copyedit. If structure still wobbles, return to development. Do not polish sentences on sinking floors.
• Global changes late in layout. Every ripple breaks line endings and pages. Costs rise fast.
• Mixed style choices. Decide US or UK spelling before copyedit. Note proper nouns, foreign words, and italics rules on the style sheet.
• Redoing tracked changes without review. Accept or reject every change. Do not paste in new text from an old draft.
• Too many cooks. One decision-maker for edits. Invite advisors, but funnel feedback through one person.

A quick planning exercise

Open a calendar. Mark hard dates you cannot move, such as a conference or seasonal tie-in. Count backward using the sequence above. Add one buffer week after each stage. Now send inquiries to editors with your window, word count, genre, and goals. Clear plans attract clear yeses.

Do the right work at the right time. Your future self, and your readers, will thank you.

Choosing the Right Edit and Editor

Start with symptoms. Match the pain to the fix. Spend money where progress happens.

Quick self-diagnosis

Answer yes or no.

• Plot keeps drifting. Argument loses focus. Scenes feel out of order. Yes means developmental.
• Chapters stay put, yet paragraphs stumble. Voice wobbles. Transitions feel clunky. Yes means line.
• Sentences read fine, yet commas, hyphens, and capitalization fight you. Names shift spelling. Yes means copyedit.
• Pages look designed. You spot a typo on page 7 and a bad line break on page 213. Yes means proofreading.

Still unsure? Write one sentence named goal for the next pass. Example: clarify protagonist’s desire in acts one and two. If the goal mentions structure or logic, go developmental. If the goal mentions rhythm or tone, go line. If the goal mentions consistency or correctness, go copyedit. If the goal mentions typos on a PDF, go proofread.

Vet expertise, not vibes

Look for a match in genre and audience. A great thriller editor might miss romance beats. A children’s specialist might not suit academic prose.

Ask for proof of fit.

• Portfolio with comparable titles.
• Testimonials with specifics, not general praise.
• Memberships that signal professional standards, such as EFA or CIEP.
• Stated comfort with your style guide and spelling, for example Chicago with US English or a house style with UK English.

Gauge communication style. You want clear notes, respectful tone, and firm reasoning. Request examples of margin queries or editorial letters.

Request a sample edit

Send one to two pages from a representative section. Middle chapters work well. Avoid a prologue or a polished excerpt.

Share a brief brief.

• Project type, genre, and audience.
• Word count.
• Editing stage you seek.
• Goals for this pass.
• Style guide and spelling preference.

Ask for tracked changes plus a few comments. Review the sample like a coach. Do suggestions improve clarity and flow? Do edits keep your voice? Do comments explain reasoning without rewriting the book in the editor’s voice?

Two strong signs

• You feel sharper, not smaller.
• You understand next steps after reading notes.

Define scope in writing

No surprises, no muddle. Lock the basics before work begins.

Include

• Word count for fee and timeline.
• Stage of edit, for example line edit only.
• Deliverables, such as an editorial letter, tracked changes, margin queries, and a style sheet.
• Number of passes.
• Start date and delivery dates, with review windows for you.
• Payment terms, including deposit, milestones, and final payment on delivery.
• Out-of-scope items, such as heavy rewriting, permissions, or reference checking.
• Change policy if the manuscript grows or shrinks.
• Kill fee if a project stops early.
• Confidentiality language.

Ask for a one-paragraph summary of approach. Plain English beats jargon.

Rates and timelines, without guesswork

Request a total project fee and an equivalent per-word figure. Ask for an hourly estimate for out-of-scope add-ons. Confirm how holidays and sick days affect dates. Get agreement on response times for queries.

Good editors book months ahead. Hold a slot with a deposit, then protect that slot by delivering pages on time.

Red flags to avoid

• Vague scope. No page count, no dates, no deliverables.
• Promises of bestseller status.
• Disregard for authorial voice. Heavy rewrites with no discussion.
• One-stage-fixes-all claims. Proofread offered on a moving draft. Copyedit offered before structure locks.
• Refusal to provide a sample or references.
• No style guide alignment. No interest in US vs UK conventions.
• Reliance on software alone, with no human review.
• Pressure to pay in full before work starts.
• Sloppy communication, late replies, missed calls.

Trust your gut, then verify with paper.

A short outreach template

Subject: Line edit inquiry for 82k-word fantasy novel, US English, Chicago

Hello [Name],

I am seeking a line edit on a completed fantasy novel, 82,000 words, first person, present tense. Structure is stable. Goals for this pass, tighten rhythm, sharpen dialogue, and smooth POV shifts. Style guide, Chicago, US spelling.

Would you share availability, a project quote, and a one-page sample edit on two pages from chapter 8? I will send a Word file with Track Changes on. If the fit works, I am ready to place a deposit to hold a late March start.

Thank you,
[Your Name]
[Website or one-line bio]

One last check before you hire

Revisit the sample, the scope, and the timeline. Confirm that the editor heard your goals. Confirm that the plan matches your stage. Then say yes, and clear the path for focused work.

Preparing Your Manuscript for Each Stage

Preparation saves time. Preparation saves money. Clean files let editors focus on the work you want done, not untangling formatting or tracking down names.

Universal setup

Aim for standard format.

• Twelve-point serif type, such as Times New Roman or Garamond.
• Double-spaced body text.
• One-inch margins on all sides.
• Ragged right, no full justification.
• Black text only.
• Single space after periods.
• Indent paragraphs with a first-line indent. No tabs. No extra line between paragraphs.
• Use a consistent marker for scene breaks, such as three asterisks on a line by themselves.
• One space between sections, not random blank lines.

Housekeeping helps.

• Use Word with Track Changes. Google Docs works, yet Word remains the editing standard for book-length work.
• Turn off automatic hyphenation.
• Use Styles for headings and subheads. Avoid manual bolding for structure.
• Add page numbers and a header with your name, title, and date.
• Keep one clean font throughout. No colored text for emphasis.
• Save to a robust filename, for example Title_Author_v03_2025-03-15.docx.
• Back up files in at least two places.

Mini-exercise, run a spelling search for double spaces and tabs. Replace with proper spacing and styles.

Before a developmental edit

A structural pass benefits from context. Help your editor see the whole.

Provide

• A one-page synopsis, single spaced. Summarize the core arc, not every twist.
• A chapter or scene list. One line per unit, with purpose.
• A character list with ages, roles, and key relationships. Add a timeline for story events.
• For nonfiction, an outline with thesis, main claims, and support for each chapter.

Add reader input.

• Gather notes from two or three beta readers in your target audience.
• Ask for clarity, interest, and pace. Keep direction tight. No grammar notes yet.

Help your own focus.

• Write a short goal for this pass, for example strengthen the midpoint or tighten the argument in chapters three to six.
• Flag known risks, such as timeline confusion or a soft ending.

Trim distractions.

• Remove placeholder research or brackets like [check date].
• Park messy material in an appendix or a holding file. Leave a clear note where content will return.

Before a line edit

Line work shines when structure holds firm. Lock the bones, then address voice and rhythm.

Stabilize core choices.

• Confirm point of view for each scene or section.
• Fix tense across the manuscript.
• Remove duplicate scenes or arguments. Merge where overlap hurts pace.

Light grooming first.

• Cut filler words, such as very, really, quite, and started to. Filler list grows fast, so build your own list.
• Replace repeated phrases. Search for pet words. Rotate them or prune them.
• Trim throat clearing in openings and wind-down in endings. Start late, leave early.

Give the editor a clear brief.

• Two or three style goals, such as sharpen dialogue, reduce filter verbs, smooth transitions.
• Any voice models, two short pages from authors you admire. Not for copying. Only for vibe.

Quick test, read three pages aloud. Mark every spot where breath runs short or sense blurs. Fix obvious snags before handing over.

Before a copyedit

Correctness and consistency drive this stage. Decisions first, then lists.

Decide conventions.

• US or UK spelling.
• Style guide, such as Chicago Manual of Style. Share any house rules.

Build references.

• A proper-noun list, including names, places, brands, and invented terms.
• A style sheet starter, with choices for numbers, dashes, hyphenation, dates, capitals, italics, and quotation marks.
• For nonfiction, a bibliography or reference list in the target style. Supply links or scans for hard-to-find sources.
• A glossary for terms of art.

Tidy the text.

• Run spellcheck, then fix flags you agree with and leave notes for edge cases.
• Standardize quotation marks and apostrophes to straight or curly, based on preference.
• Check ellipses and dashes for spacing based on your style choice.
• Resolve placeholders, permissions notes, and image captions.

Legal sanity check.

• Confirm rights for epigraphs and lyrics, or remove them.
• Verify quotes and data against sources.

Before proofreading

Proofreading happens on designed pages. No rewriting at this stage. Freeze the text before layout, then mark only true errors after layout.

Prepare files.

• Supply final print PDFs from the designer. Include covers, front matter, and back matter.
• Share a fresh style sheet and the latest copyedited Word file for reference.

Coordinate with design.

• Agree on widow and orphan rules.
• Clarify hyphenation zones and word stacks you want to avoid.
• List image placement, captions, alt text, and credit lines.

Run a layout checklist.

• Table of contents matches page numbers and headings.
• Running heads match chapter titles and author name.
• Page numbers appear in the right spots, with Roman numerals where needed in front matter.
• Scene breaks survived typesetting. No missing asterisks.
• No bad line breaks in hyphenated words, names, or URLs.
• No ladders, rivers, or odd spacing.
• Captions sit near the right images, with consistent style.
• Folios skip blank pages as intended.

Mark changes clearly.

• Use PDF comments or standard proof marks. One method, not both mixed.
• Confine notes to errors, not rewrites. If a sentence still bothers you, collect for a later edition.

Final tip, name this version with a freeze date, then avoid new text between proof rounds. Everyone sleeps better, and the book leaves the house clean.

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